[Mobutu (Congo and Zaire) and Bongo (Gabon), two symbols of post-colonial dictatorships]
"The results of decolonization in Africa is not the measure of hopes that it had caused. The establishment of stable constitutional regimes, parliamentary inspiration in former British possessions, the former presidential French Community, was quickly undermined by the advent of the single party and the establishment of authoritarian regimes by the founding fathers. A trend towards monopolization of power by an individual and his entourage takes place shortly after obtaining their sovereignty. Among others, Mobutu in the former Belgian Congo (later Zaire), Sekou Toure in Guinea, Houphouet-Boigny in Côte d'Ivoire imposed a cult of personality and are silenced by force or by enlisting the voices discordant. The media should be under the boot of exalting the father of the nation. This usurpation of power is accompanied by the progressive introduction of the single party (the pretext that the single party would transcend national divisions) which usually results in dictatorial regimes. "